Effects of COVID-19 on testicular function

Background: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) on testicular function is unclear. Objective: To clarify the effects COVID-19 male gonadal function. Methods: Pubmed search up to February 24, 2021. Search terms included COVID-19, testicles, testosterone, spermatogenesis, hypogonadism. Case reports, retrospective, prospective and autopsy studies are included. Results: Prevalence patients hospitalized with having scrotal pain varies from 0-19%. Orchitis and/or epididymitis were demonstrated ultrasound (US) in approximately 22-42% men admitted hospital can be frequently asymptomatic. Circulating testosterone levels reduced concomitant elevation luteinizing hormone (LH) suggesting dysfunction. Men affected exhibit abnormal semen parameters. Most, but not all, failed detect SARS-CoV-2 semen. Autopsy showed extensive damage tissues who died COVID-19. Conclusion: negatively affects almost all aspects Physicians should evaluate during after recovery preserve normal fertility.